Understanding the Local Complexities in Land Law Reforms: The Case of Land Inalienability in Ethiopia, 1991-2018
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-18-2024
Abstract
Postcolonial governments often restrict the market alienability of land rights for various policy reasons. One policy aims to treat all citizens equivalently and safeguard vulnerable social communities equally, as an unrestrained land market could allow one affluent social group to buy out one that is less affluent. Another policy is to set a standard that is easy to apply in the same way in every case, as a bright-line rule banning land alienation is simpler to administer than a standard that requires case-by-case considerations. Today, in Ethiopia, such laws face opposition from proponents of a free market economy and private property rights. Thus, international development institutions and influential Ethiopians are spearheading an ambitious reform to Ethiopia’s post-socialist law that bans land alienability, arguing that the law has impeded social and economic progress. This article shows, however, that the legal ban has never prevented land transfers. Many people have utilized legal constructs such as gifts, bequests, loans, and leases to sell their land. Such transfers have circumvented the ban amidst aggressive land expropriation by the state and other agents. These intricate local and national dynamics undercut the misleading sense of regularity created by the inalienability law, raising serious questions about the persistent demand by international development institutions to privatize land rights and create land markets through law reform without paying close attention to the lived experiences at the local level.
Publication Title
Law & Social Inquiry: Journal of the American Bar Foundation
Recommended Citation
Mekkonen F. Ayano,
Understanding the Local Complexities in Land Law Reforms: The Case of Land Inalienability in Ethiopia, 1991-2018,
Law & Soc. Inquiry
(2024).
Available at:
https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/journal_articles/1240
Comments
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